The Relationship Between the Jakarta Cardiovascular Score and Physical Activity: Screening of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Older Adults

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Indonesia, with low physical activity (PA) as an important modifiable risk factor. The Jakarta Cardiovascular Score (JAKVAS), adapted from the Framingham Risk Score, incorporates PA to better reflect cardiovascular risk in the Indonesian population. This study evaluated the relationship between PA level and cardiovascular risk based on JAKVAS among adults in a rural community in West Sumatra, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study included 40 adults participating in a community health screening. Data were collected using structured questionnaires for JAKVAS components and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants were classified into low–moderate PA (LMPA) and high PA (HPA) groups. Differences between groups were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. HPA was more common among males (83.3%; p=0.003). Smoking and menopausal status were significantly associated with PA level (both p=0.003), whereas hypertension and diabetes mellitus were not. Median JAKVAS was higher in the LMPA group than in the HPA group (6 [0–15] vs. 4 [1–8]; p=0.066). Higher PA tended to be associated with lower cardiovascular risk, although the association was not statistically significant.